  
More Shields - Roman, Medieval, ETC
Heavily armored Roman legionaries carried large shields that could provide good protection, but slowed movement. The scutum originally had an oval shape, but gradually the curved tops and sides were cut to produce the familiar rectangular shape most commonly seen in the early Imperial legions. The Romans used their shields to create a tortoise-like formation called a testudo in which entire groups of soldiers would be enclosed in an armoured box to provide protection against missiles.
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